María Magdalena Julia Portal was born in Lima, Peru on May 27, 1901 to working-class parents Pedro Pablo Portal and Rosa Moreno. As a girl Portal began to write poems, short stories, and novels. As a teenager she worked to support her economically troubled family, but attended class at night at the University of San Marcos. At the university she was exposed to new political and philosophical themes, ideas that would shape her writing and public life. Portal met and married fellow university student Federico Bolaños. The marriage did not last and she later fell in love with poet Reynaldo Bolaños, a brother of Federico, who went by the pen name Serafín Delmar. Their love affair continued through years of political imprisonments and exiles.
By 1923 Portal and Delmar became involved in political demonstrations, specifically against President Augusto B. Leguía. After the birth of daughter Gloria in 1925, they left Peru for Bolivia where they spent a year involved in leftist political newspapers and literature. After moving back to Lima, Portal began teaching at the Universidades Manuel González Prada and published the literary journal
Because of her work with Mariátegui's supposed communist group, in 1927 Portal was arrested and exiled to Cuba and then deported to Mexico. She was joined in Mexico by Serafín Delmar and other Peruvian exiles including APRA party founder Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre. They formed a local Aprista committee and elected Portal secretary general. Over the next few years Portal traveled to Cuba, Puerto Rica, Colombia, and Santo Domingo representing APRA and its ideals. In 1930 she was incarcerated in Chile and, after being freed with the help of Chilean intellectuals, she returned to Lima to found PAP, the Peruvian Aprista Party. Through PAP Portal worked for women's rights, starting educational and political programs for women. She became the leader of the Feminine Sector of APRA's National Executive Committee and was in charge of organizing feminist groups throughout Peru. Portal also helped edit the party magazine
During the presidency of dictator Sánchez Cerro and his persecution of Aprista leaders in 1932 Portal was forced to go underground for some 16 months. Portal's mother and two sisters were imprisioned for 5 months in order to force them to reveal Portal's whereabouts. Serafín Delmar was arrested for his complicity in an assassination attempt on Sánchez Cerro and sentenced to twenty years in prison. In 1933 after the fall of the Sánchez Cerro regime Magda Portal reorganized the party as the national secretary of women's affairs. She published
After release from prison Portal continued her work for APRA for several years until leaving Peru again in 1939 with her daughter Gloria. She spent six years in Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. In Chile Portal became involved in the Ministry of Education and the Association of Socialist Women. She earned the attention of Chilean socialist leader Salvador Allende as well as Venezuelan political figure Rómulo Betancourt. Magda Portal returned to Peru in 1945 and organized the First National Congress of Aprista Women in 1946, but personal tragedy put her political activities on hold when her daughter committed suicide in early 1947. Then in 1948 Peru's government took Portal and other APRA leaders into custody following an armed revolt. Although the military tribunal that followed in 1950 known as the Proceso del Potao aquitted her of charges, it also marked the end of her Aprista affiliation. She felt unsupported and deceived by APRA during the tribunal process, and she published
In the years that followed Portal devoted herself to her literary career. She published her only novel
Flores, Angel, "Magda Portal,"
Marting, Diane E., "Magda Portal,"
The collection is comprised of the personal papers of Peruvian author, poet, and political activist Magda Portal. Materials date from 1922 to 1986 and measure 5 linear feet. The collection is arranged into three series: Correspondence, Written Works, and Collected Materials.
The first series, Correspondence, is arranged chronologically. This series contains letters to and from Portal to various political, personal, and literary figures in her life. Major correspondents include Rómulo Betancourt, Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre, and Gabriela Mistral. Series one also contains other collected correspondence not to or from Portal.
Series two, Written Works, contains manuscripts of various monographs, plays, short stories, and poetry by Magda Portal. Notable works include
Collected Materials, the third series, contains clippings, interviews, political party materials, printed materials, critical opinions, and written works by others. It is divided into 3 subseries: items related to APRA and affiliated political parties (i.e. Partido Aprista Peruano, Partido del Pueblo), collected materials about Magda Portal, and various collected materials. Many whole issues of Latin American periodicals collected by Portal have been separated from her papers and cataloged. A detailed list of these newspapers can be found in series three within the subseries in which they originally existed.
The collection is arranged into three series: Correspondence, Written Works, and Collected Materials.
Unrestricted.
Standard copyright restrictions apply.
Cite as: Magda Portal Papers, Benson Latin American Collection, University of Texas Libraries, the University of Texas at Austin.
The Magda Portal Papers are classified under the following
Film of materials that exist in the collection, including the 2 Clippings Albums [Box 10, Folders 10/11], 2 folders of clippings about Portal [Box 11, Folders 3/4], and the Proceso del Potao [Box 10, Folder 8].