Texas Governor George W. Bush:

An Inventory of Governor George W. Bush General Counsel Public Information Request Files Located at the George W. Bush Presidential Library, 1976, 1980, 1982-1983, 1985-1987, 1989-2000, bulk 1995-1999

Agency History

The governor of Texas is the chief executive officer of the state, elected by the citizens every four years. The duties and responsibilities of the governor include serving as commander-in-chief of the state's military forces; convening special sessions of the legislature for specific purposes; delivering to the legislature at the beginning of each regular session a report on the condition of the state, an accounting of all public money under the governor's control, a recommended biennial budget, an estimate of the amounts of money required to be raised by taxation, and any recommendations he deems necessary; signing or vetoing bills passed by the legislature; and executing the laws of the state. The governor can grant reprieves and commutations of punishment and pardons, upon the recommendation of the Board of Pardons and Paroles, and revoke conditional pardons. He appoints numerous state officials (with the consent of the Senate), fills vacancies in state and district offices (except vacancies in the legislature), calls special elections to fill vacancies in the legislature, fills vacancies in the United States Senate until an election can be held, and serves as ex officio member of several state boards.

The office of governor was first established by the Constitution of 1845 and superseded the office of president of the Republic of Texas. The position now exists under authority of Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution of 1876 and Texas Government Code, Chapter 401. To be elected governor, a person must be at least thirty years old, a United States citizen, and a resident of Texas for at least five years preceding the election. In 1972, the term of office was extended from two to four years, effective in 1975. Since 1856 the governor has had the use of the Governor's Mansion.

In 1999 there were 198 full time equivalent employees in the Office of the Governor. Thirteen divisions outside of the Executive Office assist the governor in carrying out his functions: Administration, Appointments, Budget & Planning, Communications, General Counsel, Legislative, Policy, Scheduling, Criminal Justice Division, Governor's Committee on People with Disabilities, Office of Film, Music, Television and Multimedia Industries, Women's Commission, and Texas Council on Workforce and Economic Competitiveness.

The General Counsel position within the Texas Office of the Governor was created in October 1973 when the Executive Director of the Governor's Criminal Justice Division appointed an individual as General Counsel, to assist him in providing statute interpretations and in other matters relating to policies and procedures. Today the Office of the General Counsel is a separate division in the Governor's Office. During the Bush Administration, Alberto Gonzales served as General Counsel, succeeded in 1998 by Margaret Wilson.

Duties of the General Counsel include providing statute interpretations; tracking inmates on death row as their cases move through the judicial process including all appeals to the governor for commutations or stays of execution; handling pardon requests sent to the governor; reviewing proposed settlements, land patents, grant requests, contracts, easements, and deeds for the governor; analyzing proposed legislation and regulations for validity and legal effect; assisting appointments staff in determining eligibility and other legal issues related to proposed appointments; handling extradition and requisition matters; coordinating ethics guidelines and training for the governor's office; advising the governor on federal programs administered by the state; coordinating the governor's criminal justice policy with the governor's Policy Director; and providing legal advice and handling litigation filed against the governor or the Governor's Office, in conjunction with actions of the Attorney General on the governor's behalf.

(Sources include: Guide to Texas State Agencies, 9th and 10th eds., (1996 and 1999); the contents of the records; and versions of the Governor's Office web site during Governor Bush's term available on the Internet Archive at http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.governor.state.tx.us, accessed on March 3, 2009.)

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George W. Bush Biographical Sketch

George W. Bush served as governor of Texas from January 17, 1995 to December 21, 2000, resigning as governor in the middle of his second term to become president of the United States.

He challenged the incumbent governor, Democrat Ann Richards, running on promises to improve public education and to reform the juvenile justice system, welfare, and the state's tort laws -- the system under which an injured person may sue for damages. During the 74th Legislature in 1995, he worked with the Democrats who controlled both houses of the Texas legislature and managed to get bills passed that dealt with the four issues he had emphasized in his campaign. Bush was seen as pro-business and a consensus-builder.

Bush advocated and signed the two largest tax cuts to date in Texas history, totaling over $3 billion. To pay for the cuts, he sought (unsuccessfully) federal approval of a plan to privatize Texas' social services. Education reform was a priority throughout his terms, with legislation emphasizing local control of schools, higher standards, and a revised curriculum. Controversy has followed, with charter schools mired in financial scandals and protests against one test determining a child's promotion. After winning reelection in 1998, Bush began his bid for the presidency and was not as involved in the 76th Legislature in 1999.

George W. Bush was born July 6, 1946 in New Haven, Connecticut and grew up in Midland and Houston, Texas. He graduated from Andover Academy, and received a bachelor's degree from Yale University and a master's from Harvard Business School. He served as a pilot in the Texas Air National Guard. In 1978, Bush was defeated in a run for the U.S. Congress in West Texas. He was involved in energy exploration from the 1970s into the 1980s. From 1989 until his election as governor, Bush worked with the Texas Rangers baseball organization, leading a group of partners in purchasing the team, and then serving as managing general partner. He married Laura Welch in 1977; they have two daughters.

(Sources include: Versions of the Governor's Office web site during Governor Bush's term available on the Internet Archive at http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.governor.state.tx.us, accessed on March 3, 2009.)

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Scope and Contents of the Records

Files were created and maintained by General Counsel staff to document public information requests received by the Governor's Office during Texas Governor George W. Bush's term in office and the response to those requests. Records include correspondence, memos, Attorney General open records letter rulings, clippings, search results, lists, applications, reports, printed materials, log sheets, surveys, tables, charts, notes, an audio cassette tape, and other responsive materials. Dates of this finding aid, covering public information requests received 1995 to 1999, are 1976, 1980, 1982-1983, 1985-1987, 1989-2000, bulk 1995-1999. Dates covered for the overall public information request files are 1976, 1980, 1982-2000, the bulk dating 1995-2000. Many of the public information requests concern appointments to boards and commissions by the governor, his calendars and schedule, correspondence with prominent individuals, criminal justice (including grants, pardons, and executive clemency for death row inmates), education, electric deregulation, the environment (including emissions, low-level radioactive waste, and endangered species), gambling, Governor's Mansion guests, health and human services (including abortion, abstinence education, and TIES (Texas Integrated Enrollment Systems)), legislation, and litigation. Public information request files may contain as little as a copy of the request or Governor's Office response or as much as copies of responsive records, Attorney General letter rulings, internal memos, and correspondence with the requester and Attorney General. Requesters include journalists, citizens, government officials and staff (federal, state, and local), campaign staff, and non-profit organization staff. General files include public information surveys prepared by the General Services Commission, research files on open records decisions, documents responsive to several requests, information on the Open Meetings Act, an ethics advisory log, and material concerning the Beacon State Fund. Assistant General Counsel Donna G. Davidson handled public information requests (as well as ethics issues) for the Governor's Office from 1995 through most of 1998; James Hines replaced her by January 1999.

Dates next to the requester's name are the date the request was written or the date it was received by the Governor's Office. Many files are missing the request for information. These request letters were pulled from files and compiled in response to a 1999 public information request by Adam Goldman and were maintained by the General Counsel's office in the Goldman file.

This finding aid describes one series of Texas Governor George W. Bush's records. See Texas Governor George W. Bush: An Introduction to Governor George W. Bush Records for more record series. If you are reading this electronically, click on the link to go to the finding aid. If you are reading this in paper, the overall finding aid is found at a separate divider within the binder.

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Restrictions

Restrictions on Access

Because of the possibility that portions of these records fall under Public Information Act exceptions including, but not limited to, 552.101, privacy and other statutory exceptions; 552.106, certain legislative documents; 552.107, attorney-client privilege; 552.108, certain law enforcement records; 552.110, certain commercial information; 552.111, agency memoranda; 552.117, home addresses, home phone numbers, social security numbers, and personal family information of government employees; 552.1175, home addresses, home phone numbers, social security numbers, and personal family information of law enforcement officers; 552.130, motor vehicle records; 552.134, TDCJ inmate information; 552.135, crime victim impact statement; 552.136, account numbers; 552.137, email addresses; and 552.147, social security numbers of living persons, an archivist must review these records before they can be accessed for research. The records may be requested for research under the provisions of the Public Information Act (V.T.C.A., Government Code, Chapter 552). The researcher may request an interview with an archivist or submit a request by mail (Texas State Library and Archives Commission, P. O. Box 12927, Austin, TX 78711), fax (512-463-5436), email (Dir_Lib@tsl.state.tx.us), or see our web page (https://www.tsl.state.tx.us/requestgovernorbushrecords.html). Include enough description and detail about the information requested to enable the archivist to accurately identify and locate the information requested. (Note: The Governor's Office has requested that the State Archives contact the Public Information Coordinator for the Governor's Office when we receive a Public Information Act request for these records.) If our review reveals information that may be excepted by the Public Information Act, we are obligated to seek an open records decision from the Attorney General on whether the records can be released. The Public Information Act allows the Archives ten working days after receiving a request to make this determination. The Attorney General has 45 working days to render a decision. Alternately, the Archives can inform you of the nature of the potentially excepted information and if you agree, that information can be redacted or removed and you can access the remainder of the records.

Restrictions on Use

Most records created by Texas state agencies are not copyrighted. State records also include materials received by, not created by, state agencies. Copyright remains with the creator. The researcher is responsible for complying with U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17 U.S.C.).

Technical Requirements

Researchers wishing to access audiotapes must contact Archives staff to obtain the necessary equipment.

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Related Material

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Administrative Information

Preferred Citation

(Identify the item), Texas Governor George W. Bush General Counsel public information request files. Archives and Information Services Division, Texas State Library and Archives Commission.

Accession Information

Accession number: 2002/151

In December 2000, Governor George W. Bush designated the George Bush Presidential Library as the repository for the records from his tenure as Governor of Texas, under authority of Texas Government Code, Section 441.201. Shortly after he left office, the records were shipped to the Bush Library in College Station, Texas. Texas Attorney General John Cornyn ruled the records are state records subject to the Texas Public Information Act and the management of the Texas State Library and Archives Commission even after transfer to a federal facility (Opinion No. JC-0498, May 3, 2002). In July 2002 the records were transferred from the Bush Library to the Texas State Archives in Austin for preparation for research use. In June 2003, a memorandum of understanding signed by representatives of the National Archives and Records Administration, the Texas State Library and Archives Commission, and George W. Bush replaced a January 2002 interim memorandum of understanding. The records were moved to the George W. Bush Presidential Library in February 2013.

Processing Information

Tonia J. Wood, September 2006

Finding aid updated by Tonia J. Wood, April 2013

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Other Finding Aids

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Detailed Description of the Records