50

tile, etc., and others which from their refractory character are well adapted for the manufacture of charcoal furnaces, and possibly of sewer pipe.

The Fayette Beds, as was stated in their description in the First Annual Report, contain beds of light colored clays, many of which are pure white. These beds of clay not only underlie and overlie the middle beds of Fayette Sands, but are also found interbedded with that Series. The excellent qualities of these clays were first stated by Dr. W. P. Riddell, of the First Geological Survey of Texas under Dr. Shumard. His specimens were obtained from the Yegua, in Washington County, and in the vicinity of Hempstead. Since that time many analyses have been made of clays of various portions of these beds, and while some of them are too high in alkalies or fusible constituents, others are well suited to the manufacture of all grades of earthen ware below that of porcelain, or French china as it is called. Clays of this character have been secured in various localities from Angelina to and below Fayette County.

There are beds in the Fayette Sands that will be of value in glass making. Some of the beds are composed of clear angular quartz grains without tinge of iron, having only an occasional grain of rounded red or black quartz.

In the Timber Belt Beds there are other clays and sands well suited to the manufacture of earthenware and glass. Most of the beds of pottery clays of this Division examined so far in Eastern Texas are, however, only suited for the coarser grades of earthenware, but in Grimes and Robertson counties (and possibly in others as well) clays of higher grade are found.

In Robertson County, not far from the town of Mexia, there is a deposit of sandy clay which is readily separated by washing into a kaolin of excellent quality and a perfectly pure quartz sand. This kaolin has been tested practically and produces a good porcelain.

Potteries have been erected in various parts of the State within the limits of the Fayette and Timber Belt beds for the manufacture of common earthenware, flower pots, etc., and several are now in successful operation. Among localities of potteries may be mentioned Lavernia, Wilson County; Athens, Henderson County; Kosse, Limestone County; Burton, Washington County, and others.