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Table of Contents

  1. Evolution of Athleta petrosa stock (Eocene, gastropoda) of Texas
    1. Abstract Evolution of Athleta petrosa Stock (Eocene, Gastropoda) of Texas

    2. Introduction

    3. Acknowledgments

    4. Evolution and ontogeny of Athleta petrosa stock

    5. Growth stages

    6. Protoconch

    7. Size

    8. Ornamentation and sculpture

    9. Columellar folds

    10. Labral denticulation

    11. Shape

    12. Parietal callus deposits

    13. Summary

    14. General limitations

    15. Systematic descriptions

    16. Genus Voluta Linnaeus, 1758

    17. Genus Plejona Röding, 1798

    18. Genus Volutilithes Swainson, 1831

    19. Genus Volutocorbis Dall, 1890

    20. Genus Volutospina Newton, 1906

    21. Genus Athleta Conrad, 1853

    22. Athleta Petrosa (Conrad, 1833)

    23. Athleta petrosa smithi Fisher & Rodda, n. subsp.

    24. Athleta petrosa petrosa (Conrad, 1833)

    25. Athleta petrosa symmetrica (Conrad, 1854)

    26. Athleta tuomeyi Conrad, 1853

    27. Athleta lisbonensis (Aldrich, 1897)

    28. Athleta dalli (Harris, 1895)

    29. Explanation of classification employed

    30. Origin of Athleta petrosa stock

    31. Genus Athleta in the Gulf Coastal Plain

    32. Selected bibliography

    33. Appendix A

    34. Quantitative study of Athleta petrosa stock

    35. Introduction

    36. Data processing

    37. Program I

    38. Program II

    39. Scatter diagrams

    40. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams

    41. Student's t-tests

    42. Summary of quantitative data

    43. Whorl analyses, Athleta petrosa stock

    44. Appendix B Locality register

    45. Texas localities

    46. Other localities

  2. Illustrations
    1. Untitled

    2. Untitled

    3. Fig. 1. Generalized Athleta petrosa (Conrad) showing terminology of various parts

    4. Fig. 2. Growth and ornamentation stages in Athleta petrosa stock

    5. Fig. 3. Size and length of protoconch in Athleta petrosa stock

    6. Fig. 4. Scatter diagrams of length of protoconch (number of whorls) versus width of body whorl (mm) in Athleta petrosa (Conrad)

    7. Fig. 5. Cumulative curves of height in Athleta petrosa stock

    8. Fig. 6. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of height in Athleta petrosa stock

    9. Fig. 7. Cumulative curves of width in Athleta petrosa stock

    10. Fig. 8. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of width in Athleta petrosa stock

    11. Fig. 9. Cumulative curves of height of spire in Athleta petrosa stock

    12. Fig. 10. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of height of spire in Athleta petrosa stock

    13. Fig. 11. Cumulative curves of ratio of height to width in Athleta petrosa stock

    14. Fig. 12. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of ratio of height to width in Athleta petrosa stock

    15. Fig. 13. Scatter diagrams of total number of whorls (protoconch and teleoconch) versus height in Athleta petrosa (Conrad)

    16. Fig. 14. Size, shape, and spinosity in Athleta petrosa stock. (Size indicated by scale is approximately mean value)

    17. Fig. 15. Distribution of longitudinal and spiral lirae in Athleta petrosa stock

    18. Fig. 16. Cumulative curves of ornaments on body whorl in Athleta petrosa stock

    19. Fig. 17. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of number of ornaments on body whorl in Athleta petrosa stock

    20. Fig. 18. Cumulative curves of ratio of ornaments on body whorl to height in Athleta petrosa stock

    21. Fig. 19. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of ratio of ornaments to height in Athleta petrosa stock

    22. Fig. 20. Modified Dice-Leraas diagrams of ratio of ornaments to width in Athleta petrosa stock

    23. Fig. 21. Ornamentation pattern in Athleta petrosa (Conrad) expressed as number of longitudinal ornaments per whorl. Lines represent composite trends drawn from plots of average number of ornaments per whorl from specimens with identical length protoconchs

    24. Fig. 22. Cumulative curves of number of longitudinal ornaments per whorl in Athleta petrosa (Conrad). Lines represent composite trends drawn from plots of average number of ornaments per whorl from specimens with identical length protoconchs

    25. Fig. 23. Columellar folds and labral denticulation in Athleta petrosa stock

    26. Fig. 24. Parietal callus deposits in Athleta petrosa stock. (Callus indicated by stippled pattern)

    27. Fig. 25. Protoconch and posterior teleoconch whorls of Voluta musica Linnaeus, 1758, type species of Voluta Linnaeus, 1758

    28. Fig. 26. Protoconch and posterior teleoconch whorls of Voluta muricina Lamarck, 1803, type species of Volutilithes Swainson, 1831

    29. Fig. 27. Protoconch and posterior teleoconch whorls of Volutocorbis limopsis (Conrad, 1860), type species of Volutocorbis Dall, 1890

    30. Fig. 28. Protoconch and posterior teleoconch whorls of Volutospina spinosa (Linnaeus, 1758), type species of Volutospina Newton, 1906

    31. Fig. 29. Protoconch and posterior teleoconch whorls of Athleta rarispina (Lamarck, 1811), type species of Athleta Conrad, 1853

    32. Fig. 30. Protoconch and posterior teleoconch whorls of Athleta petrosa (Conrad, 1833)

    33. Fig. 31. Phylogenetic relationship of taxa within genus Athleta of Gulf Coastal Plain. Taxa enclosed by dotted lines occur in Texas

    34. Fig. 32. Accumulation pattern used to prepare scatter diagrams for contouring

    35. Fig. 33. Shell orientation in whorl analyses

    36. Untitled

    37. Plate VII

    38. Plate VIII

    39. Plate IX

    40. Plate X

    41. Plate XI

  3. Plates
    1. Plate 1

    2. Plate 2

    3. Plate 3

    4. Plate 4

    5. Plate 5

    6. Plate 6

    7. Plate 7

    8. Plate 8